Most Italian consonant letters are pronounced like in English. In particular, this applies to the letters: a b d f k l m n p r t u.
Pronunciation of consonants:
| c | is pronounced before a, o, u and other consonants as English k: amico |
| before e, i is pronounced like ch in chair: cestino, Cesare | |
| cc | we pronounce it as doubled English k + k before a, o, u: bocca |
| before e, i it is pronounced as doubled English ch : cacce | |
| ch | is pronounced k: che, china |
| g | before e, i is pronounced like English j in jam : giro, gesso |
| : in other situations we pronounce it as English g | |
| gg | in front of the e, i is pronounced like doubled j + j: viaggio |
| gh | is pronounced like g: ghetto |
| gli | is pronounced as ly: figlio; There are only a few exceptions to this rule: glycerin, glycemia, glycol, glycine |
| gn | pronounced like ny: signore, signora |
| h | is not pronounced: ho, hai |
| qu | pronounced like qu in quit : quadro, questo |
| s | is generally pronounced as s; as z it is pronounced only before voiced consonants: d, d, g, v, l, r, m, n and often between vowels |
| sci | is pronounced shi: sciita |
| sce i scie | is pronounced as she: scene, scienza |
| sch | pronounced sk: schioppo |
| v | is pronounced as v: via, vada |
| z | is pronounced ts or dz; at the beginning of a word mostly as dz, in the middle of a word a little more often as dz |
| zz | pronounced ts + ts or dz + dz; like dzdz most often in connections like –izzare, -izzazione: organizzare. |